介绍冲压以及冲压件加工 -凯发app

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是靠压力机和模具对板材、带材、管材和型材等施加外力,使之产生塑性变形或分离,从而获得所需形状和尺寸的工件(冲压件)的成形加工方法。冲压和锻造同属塑性加工(或称压力加工),合称锻压。冲压的坯料主要是热轧和冷轧的钢板和钢带。

冷一般不再经切削加工,或仅需要少量的切削加工。热冲压件精度和表面状态低于冷冲压件,但仍优于铸件、锻件,切削加工量少。

冲压是高效的生产方法,采用复合模,尤其是多工位级进模,可在一台压力机上完成多道冲压工序,实现由带料开卷、矫平、冲裁到成形、精整的全自动生产。生产效率高,劳动条件好,生产成本低,一般每分钟可生产数百件。

冲压主要是按工艺分类,可分为分离工序和成形工序两大类。分离工序也称冲裁,其目的是使冲压件沿一定轮廓线从板料上分离,同时保证分离断面的质量要求。成形工序的目的是使板料在不破坯的条件下发生塑性变形,制成所需形状和尺寸的工件。在实际生产中,常常是多种工序综合应用于一个工件。冲裁、弯曲、剪切、拉深、胀形、旋压、矫正是几种主要的冲压工艺。

冲压用板料的表面和内在性能对冲压成品的质量影响很大,要求冲压材料厚度精确、均匀;表面光洁,无斑、无疤、无擦伤、无表面裂纹等;屈服强度均匀,无明显方向性;均匀延伸率高;屈强比低;加工硬化性低。

通过冲床和模具对板材、带材、管材和型材等施加外力,使之产生塑性变形或分离,从而获得所需形状和尺寸的工件的成形加工方法,得到的工件就是冲压件。


stamping parts
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